Dietary modulation of gut immuno-inflammatory profile for the reduction of adenomas in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis: LIME-FAP study.

Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) is a hereditary genetic disorder caused by mutations in the APC (or MUTYH) gene, leading to the development of hundreds of adenomas in the large intestine and an almost 100% risk of developing colorectal cancer in the absence of treatment. Currently, the only effective preventive strategy is prophylactic total colectomy by age 20, combined with lifelong endoscopic surveillance. 

It is well known that intestinal inflammation and the immune environment play a key role in the development of adenomas and colorectal cancer and that the Mediterranean Diet can modulate inflammation. 

This study is a randomized controlled clinical trial designed to evaluate whether an anti-inflammatory Mediterranean Diet, by modulating inflammation, can reduce adenomas in the rectal stump of FAP patients who have undergone prophylactic colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis. The study will also assess the diet’s effect on local and systemic inflammatory markers, gut microbiota, and aspects of patients' quality of life, such as bowel function and dietary habits. 

This innovative approach could revolutionize FAP management, offering a non-invasive strategy to improve quality of life and reduce cancer risk in mutation carriers